罗斯福曾任美国海军部副部长，参与美西战争，并在古巴的圣地亚哥战役中战功卓越，获得圣胡安山英雄的称号。下面是小编为大家带来对罗斯福的评价英文版，相信对你会有帮助的。
"New Deal" just launched, it caused widespread concern in American society from top to bottom, different political groups to give it a different evaluation. Roosevelt's strong opponent, the newspaper king Hearst, said the New Deal was a crude deal; it was not Soak the Rich, but Soak the Successful. John Goodwin, the famous American journalist and writer, said he had heard the best definition of the "New Deal": "It is an attempt by some gutless liberals to save capitalism for the distraught capitalists."There was also a condemnation of the "New Deal" as a fascist fascination of liberalism.
American economists have two views on the "New Deal", one that the "New Deal" in encouraging the confidence of private enterprises without success, the basic conditions for the success of the capitalist order is to encourage entrepreneurial spirit entrepreneurs, and the induction of this spirit will need Stimulus and compensation, "New Deal" some measures is to suppress this spirit. The other group was Keynes and his followers, or half-followers, who argued that Roosevelt was not doing enough to make the national economy on the path of rejuvenation only if it really implemented a bold deficit-raising policy.
From Roosevelt's "New Deal" as the program for the presidency, to the "New Deal" throughout the implementation process, the United States has its two extremes of evaluation: a Roosevelt "New Deal" abandoned the American tradition, the most valuable liberalism Economic model, a socialist country like a "planned economy", many conservatives (such as former President Hoover) fear Roosevelt will banks, railways and other important national economic sector nationalization, and ultimately the United States onto politics The other is more radical point of view that Roosevelt's reform is not thorough enough radical people initially Roosevelt have great expectations, they hope that through the "New Deal", Roosevelt can not only solve the current crisis in the United States, But also to solve such as class, poverty, race and other deep-seated problems of American society.
It can be seen that the evaluation of Roosevelt's New Deal in the United States focused on the success of its intervention in the US economy, first, whether it was conducive to the political democratization of the United States.
1) the view of historians
Many Soviet historical writings gave a certain degree of affirmation to the New Deal, but focused on exposing its deceptive and class nature, believing that the New Deal "gave the American working people a dangerous illusion that the capitalist countries had their progressive role."Negative opinions of some scholars believe that the New Deal is "completely for the monopoly of the bourgeoisie things", "has a great fascist nature" of the New Deal improvement measures, the concessions to the working class "is very deceptive, not conducive to revolution" , Therefore, the New Deal is a reactionary, plays a negative role in hindering the advance of history, should be denied. This view is not consistent with historical reality.
Chinese scholars in the eighties before the Roosevelt "New Deal" has been criticized that Roosevelt did not give up its class attributes, "New Deal" is still to strengthen the status of large business owners, in line with the interests of big capitalists, Roosevelt did everything But to consolidate the capitalist system. After 1980s, this evaluation system changed gradually. Under the premise of Roosevelt's class limitation and historical limitation, Chinese scholars made positive affirmation to Roosevelt's "New Deal". Although Roosevelt still believed in the free enterprise system, But the belief in social justice and humanitarianism, the implementation of the "New Deal" to a certain extent, reflects the interests of ordinary people in the United States, which is progress.
Soviet and Chinese historians have long been deeply influenced by ideology, and used the method of class analysis to analyze and evaluate the New Deal, which is basically a negative position. With the liberation of thought after the reform and opening up, China's historians began to evaluate the trend of objective and comprehensive.
(2) the political point of view
The new evaluation of Roosevelt in the political world is relatively objective.Stalin's cautious appreciation of Roosevelt's New Deal, when it comes to the New Deal, states that it "limits the individual bad aspects of the old social system and limits the individual extreme performance of the old social system." "Slightly suppresses the least Repression of the capitalist profits, a slight strengthening of the principle of national economic regulation, all of which are good.
The party and the people I had had had a high opinion of him when Roosevelt died. Comrade Mao Zedong and Comrade Zhu De in the telegram, said: "The world will be deeply hurt this loss." The Xinhua Daily published an editorial entitled "The Demise of the Democrats - Mourning Roosevelt's Mourning," saying that "President Roosevelt faithfully inherited the best democratic traditions of Washington, Lincoln and Jefferson since his inauguration "In his early years in 1932, he was elected president, in 1929, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, the United States, After an unprecedented economic panic, he carried out the New Deal in a dauntless spirit. He replaced the imperialist foreign economic plunder with the policy of improving the people's living standard and expanding the purchasing power of the people. He survived the crisis and stabilized the national life. Policy to replace the coming anti-fascist war, the creation of the United States to become the preparatory work of the arsenal of the democratic country. "" His glorious fighting career, his people for the human spirit, he and his co-decision Of the four freedoms, the Atlantic Charter, the Tehran Charter and the Crimea Declaration, will be the common ideals of all mankind and will become the cornerstones of the consolidation of the future world peace institutions and will always be remembered in the memories of mankind. "Today, Reviewing Roosevelt's realistic assessment of the year is a great help.
Roosevelt died in World War II, in order to win the United States against their country's anti-fascist war support, in order to maintain the unity of the anti-fascist camp, China and the Soviet Union spoke highly of Roosevelt and Roosevelt New Deal.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Roosevelt 's New Deal
Roosevelt's New Deal was a policy adjustment made by the American bourgeoisie to overcome the economic crisis. It was a partial adjustment of the relations of production in the form of state intervention in the form of state intervention in order to adapt it to the needs of social production under the precondition of safeguarding the capitalist system. It does not change the nature of capitalism, it is impossible to fundamentally eliminate the capitalist economic crisis. But it is the capitalist countries of the social and economic life and other aspects have a significant impact.
Its direct impact is: it to a certain extent, reduce the economic crisis on the serious destruction of American society and promote the recovery of social productivity, consolidate the rule of capitalism.
The indirect effect is: due to economic recovery, the relative ease of social contradictions, to a certain extent, restore people's confidence in the US national system, thereby curbing the economic crisis caused by fascism, to avoid countries such as Germany and Japan took to fascism The dictatorship of the road.
Its far-reaching impact is: the New Deal adopted by the state's policy of comprehensive economic intervention, opened up the capitalist countries to strengthen economic intervention policy precedent. This policy strengthened the American monopoly capitalism, which not only became the beginning of modern American monopoly capitalist economic system, but also had a serious impact on the development of economic policies of many other capitalist countries. Since then, the capitalist countries have gradually abandoned the traditional laissez-faire economic policy, gradually began to strengthen the government's macroeconomic regulation and control. After World War II, the state monopoly capitalism has been further developed.
Finally, some of the ancillary measures of the "New Deal" have had far-reaching implications for today. Such as the protection of the environment and resources. During the "New Deal" period, the Congress passed the "Land Conservation and Domestic Appropriations Act", the Government sent a total of 2.5 million young people to participate in the "folk resources", the United States and the United States in the United States in the 1930s, Protection team ", but also funded the purchase of large tracts of forest and scenic areas to establish national parks, wildlife reserves and so on. Another example is the "New Deal" to promote the active thinking of the United States and the prosperity of academic literature and art.Throughout the "New Deal" period, the US government funded a large number of artists, writers and dramatists, so that they can get rid of the economy on the one hand. Difficulties, independent creation, on the other hand, the Government commissioned by the art to the school and civil society. Roosevelt's cabinet is a gathering place for intellectuals, "New Deal" has all aspects of their participation, "think tank" the resulting word.
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