豫园是江南古典园林,名胜古迹和游览胜地,吸引了很多游客来参观,导游要做好豫园的特色介绍,让游客了解详细。下面是带来的豫园中英文导游词,欢迎欣赏。
早上好!女士们、先生们。大家昨晚睡提好吗?好极了。真对不起,昨晚行李送迟了。因为行李车坏了,我们只得再要了一辆。顺便问一下,你们行李打开了没有?怪不得外面阳光明媚。我们导游常说:”客人把阳光装在包里带来了。”为此我谢谢你们。好言归正传。早餐的我已宣布过日程安排,今天我们先去海老城,也就是豫园、豫园商场的所在地。
Good morning! Ladies and gentlemen. You ask good sleep last night? Great. I'm really sorry, luggage sent late last night. Because trolleys is broken, we had to another one. By the way, do you have luggage open? No wonder outside sunny. We guide often say: "sunshine installed in guest bag have." So I thank you. Good point. Breakfast already announced that my schedule, today we'll go over the sea, is the seat of the yu yuan garden, yuyuan garden store.
我们的车正行驶在外滩。诸位左侧就是著名的黄浦江。我们以后会到这儿来的。
Our car is drive in the bund. Men left is the famous huangpu river. Our future will be here.
为了节省时间,在没到豫园之前我先讲些中国园林和豫园的情况。
To save time, before I didn't arrive yuyuan garden in Chinese garden and first talk of yu.
在中国,园林被分为三大类:皇家园林、私家园林和寺庙园林。豫园属于私家园林。中国园林有许多技巧,比如借景、障景等等。不过它们都由四个基本因素组成。这四个因素是水、植物、建筑和假山。大多数的私家花园是在江南,就是因为这儿多水源和适宜做假山的石。豫园是四百多年前明朝时建。园主姓潘,是个大官。他建此园是取悦于双亲,让他们安享晚年。所以豫园的”豫”字就取其豫悦之意。可惜的是他父母末能眼见豫园落成就去世了。清末,潘家衰弱,其后代变卖此园于当地行会。豫园之所以成为名胜,还另有一原因。1853年,上海爆发小刀会起义,园内一厅堂曾被用作指挥部。今天豫园是个必游之地。所以我建议到了那儿我们千万不要走散,最好大家寸步不离,好吗?
In China, the landscape is divided into three categories: royal garden, private garden and temple garden. Yuyuan garden belong to private garden. The Chinese garden has many skills, such as clever, disabled scene, etc. But they are composed by four basic factors. These four factors is water, plant, building and rockeries. Most of the private garden is in the south of the water is, because here the stone and suitable do rockery. Yuyuan garden is four hundred years ago the Ming dynasty built. The Lord of the garden surname pan, is a big officer. He built this garden is pleasing the parents, let them, an old lady. So yuyuan garden "and" word will take its and yue meaning. Unfortunately his parents can seeing the completion of yu died. Qing, pan home weak, its offspring, and sold in the local guild. This garden Yuyuan garden becomes the main attractions, still another reason. In 1853, Shanghai outbreak in a hall divided uprising once used as headquarters. Yu is a swim necessarily land today. So I suggest we get there we must not become separated, the best everybody wheezed, ok?
这儿是停车场。万一有人走散,请记住车号最后三个数字是121。我想最好不要发生这类事。我会举着小红旗,你们全陪张先生会殿后。大家准备好了没有?我们上路吧。下车时请注意自行车。
Here is the parking lot. In case someone become separated, please remember the last three car number number is 121. I'd better don't happen this kind of things. I'll holding red flag, you will all accompany Mr Zhang will'll bring up the rear. Are you ready yet? We the afterlife. Get off please note the bicycle.
女士们、先生们,这座就是著名的九曲桥。为什么是九呢?因为是阳数最高的数。走在桥上,逗留时间就长。还可以从不同角度观赏风景。还有,据说鬼怪只能走直线,所以你不必为遇到鬼怪而担心。
Ladies and gentlemen, this is the famous JiuQuQiao. Why is nine? Because of the highest number number is Yang. Walking on the bridge, stay time is long. Can also view from different scenery. Still, it is said that ghosts can only walk a straight line, so you don't have to worry about ghosts and met.
在桥的中间,有座亭子,始建于清朝,大约在80多年前被改作一茶馆。老人们喜欢早晨来此,会会朋友,沏上一壶茶,聊聊天儿。一般他们喝的都是一种绿茶,叫做”龙井”。这个茶馆也是外国首脑常来之地。比如1986年英国女王伊丽莎白二世来上海,也亲临茶馆喝了茶。
Among the bridge is the pavilion, built dynasty, around 80 years ago was outfitted as a teahouse. Old people like morning here, and visit friends, making a pot of tea, chat son. Generally they drink is a kind of green tea, called "longjing". This teahouse is foreign leaders often come to land. For instance in 1986 queen Elizabeth ii to Shanghai, also visit the teahouse drank tea.
确实,能在这儿喝上一壶也是一种享受。试想一下,在一个夏日,你来到茶馆,临窗而坐,俯视着开满荷花的绿池。迎面吹来阵阵凉风。在悠雅的江南丝竹声中,你提起紫砂壶,慢慢地呷上一口微温的”龙井”茶。你会觉得飘然若仙。
Indeed, can drink here on a pot of also is a kind of enjoyment. Imagine that, in a summer, you come to the teahouse, faces a window and sit, overlooking the LuChi in full blossom lotus. The cool wind blown head on. In the jiangnan silk in elegant voice, you mentioned violet arenaceous crock, slowly sip a mouthful of tepid longjing tea. If you feel floating losses.
你们也想喝一壶?对不起,我还是不能让你们去。等我们看完豫园再做决定,行不行?
You also want to drink a pot? I'm sorry, I still can't let you go. Until we finish see yuyuan garden and make a decision, all right?
这儿就是豫园的入口。当你走进一个私家花园,视线总会被什么东西挡住,有时是假山,有时是这肃的照壁。这是园林一技巧,称之为障景。不让你一日了然,却让你看到一部分,然后才达到”步移景易”的效果。
Here is the entrance of the yuyuan garden. When you go into a private garden, the sight of what things are always block, sometimes are rockeries, sometimes is this the zhaobi adjudicates. This is a skill, called the disabled garden scene. Don't let you 1, lets you see utterly pointless to achieve "part, then step yi" effect moving scene.
这座堂叫”仰山堂”。大家知道,上海位于一冲积平原,市内无山、无林。所以此”山”就指对面那座假山。它高12米,重80吨。它过去乃至今天一直是个奇迹。因为四百多年前没有水泥和熟石膏,人们就用烹煮过的糯米,加上明矾和石灰,把石块粘起来。至今安然无恙。看见山顶的亭子吗?四百年前,这是上海城最高点。从那儿可看到黄浦江上的渔船、帆影,可这些今天只能在电影中见到了。你也仅能看见他们上移的头顶。因为盘旋的小径皆被树、石遮住。这实在是园艺大师张南阳的杰作。也被公认是本地最佳假山。
This hall call "yangshan hall". You know, Shanghai is located in an alluvial plain, city no more mountains, no Lin. So this "mountain" means the opposite of that rockeries. It high 12 metres, heavy 80 tons. It has been a miracle in the past and even today. For four hundred years ago no cement and plaster, people use cooked glutinous rice, add alum and lime, the stones up gluing. Yet safe. See the top of the mountain pavilion? Four hundred years ago, this is the Shanghai city a peak. From there it can be seen the fishing boats, the huangpu river, but these distant sail raised only in see in movies today. You also can only saw them move up head. Because hovering path all be tree, stone cover. This is really a gardening master zhang nanyang masterpiece. Also is acknowledged to be a local optimal rockeries.
在假山之后,有座龙墙。这是本园一特色。总共有五条龙墙。这边走,我要带你们去个地方,那儿能清楚地看见另一条龙墙。
After a seat in the rockery, dragon wall. This is a kindergarten features. There are five dragon wall. Go this way, I will take you to a place, there could clearly see another dragon wall.
女士们、先生们,这就是我刚才说的那条龙墙。龙实际上是想像出来的动物。我们称自己为龙的传人。不知道大家是否读过赛珍珠的《龙籽》。如果看过的话,这儿很多东西令你觉得熟悉。请看这条龙,你会发觉这是个多种动物的综合体。你看它头似牛,眼似虾,角似……我看不太像牛。我们通常说角似鹿,身似蛇,鳞似鱼,爪似鸡或者鹰。请告诉我,你们看见几个趾。三个对。但一般龙应有五趾。为什么是三个呢?其中有一故事。以前,只有皇帝和皇室人员才配有龙的图案。园主潘允端用了龙做墙,他有野心。不知怎么,皇帝得知此事,便派人来调查。潘允端得悉后,立即令人敲下两个趾。当朝延官吏一到,园主说:”瞧,这本不是龙,只有三趾。”真是个聪明人,不然他性命难保。
Ladies and gentlemen, this is what I just said that dragon wall. The dragon is actually imaginary animals. We refer to themselves as descendants of the dragon. Don't know whether we read of the dragon "seed" buck. If read words, here many things make you feel familiar. Look at the dragon, you will discover that this is a variety of animal spirits. You see it head like cattle, eye like shrimp, Angle like... I see not too like cattle. We usually say like deer horn, scale, body like snake like fish, claw like chicken or eagle. Please tell me, do you see a few toes. The three. But general dragon should have five toes. Why is three? One story. Previously, only the emperor and the royal personnel to the design with dragons. The Lord of the vineyard do wall with the dragon pavilions, he was ambitious. Somehow, the emperor who know this matter, sent to investigate. That immediately after a pavilions hit two toes. The delay officers arrived, the Lord of the garden said: "look, this is not dragon, only three toes." Is really a wise man, otherwise he would be killed.
你们说想拍一集体照。我看以龙墙为背景,这可是最佳的地方,我来替你们拍,别忘了说”Cheese”。
You said you wanted to take a group. I see with dragon wall as the background, this is the best place for you, I clap, don't forget to say "Cheese".
这儿我们可看见三块石头。中间那块称作”玉玲珑”。这并非是玉,但是挺有名,叫太湖石,外型是由水侵蚀而成。这原来是给宋微宗的贡品。宋微宗广收奇花异石,称”花石纲”。可怎么会到这儿来的呢?原来,在运往当时京都遗失了。多年之后,又成了地地方官绅的玩物。后来他把该石送给潘允端做嫁妆,因为潘的兄弟娶了他女儿。玉玲珑因有”瘦、透、皱、漏”等特点而著称。假如你自上而下倒水。它72孔孔孔犹如小瀑布;如你在下方燃香,它72孔孔孔烟香缥缈,非常美丽。园主以前常凝视此石多时,留连忘返。这也是园林功效之一,一个景物使你沉思,结果达到情晚合一的境界。
Here we can see three pieces of stone. Intermediate that piece called "jade and exquisite". It is not the jade, but quite famous, that accompany by water erosion, appearance is and into. It turned out to be SongWei tributes to the Pope. SongWei Pope wide accept wonderful flower, said "take different stone cloud". But how can here? Originally, to when the Kyoto lost. After many years, and became a place where the gentries trinkets. Then he put the stone to do, because the pan pavilions dowry to marry his daughter's brother. Jade carved for a "thin, thoroughly, wrinkle, leakage" wait for a characteristic and celebrated. If you pour it downward. It is little waterfall ultimatum 72 holes; If you burn incense, it below 72 holes smoke fragrant tenuous ultimatum, very beautiful. The Lord used to stare at the stone for long time, linger culture. This is also one of the scenery, a landscape effect that you ponder, the results to the unity of the emotion border. Later
豫园之游就到此结束,希望胸们喜欢它。最后,大家必须做出选择:是喝茶还是购物。我看,还是举手表决。有多少人想品茶?哈,全都想去?!什么?我愿不愿去?说实话,这正合我意。那么我们还等什么呢?大家走吧!
Yuyuan garden tour ends here, hope to the chest like it. Finally, you should make a choice: is tea or shopping. I see, or hands. Many people want to tea? Ha, all want to go? !What? I would not let go? To tell you the truth, this is to my liking. So what are we waiting for? Everybody go!
早上好!女士们、先生们。大家昨晚睡提好吗?好极了。真对不起,昨晚行李送迟了。因为行李车坏了,我们只得再要了一辆。顺便问一下,你们行李打开了没有?怪不得外面阳光明媚。我们导游常说:”客人把阳光装在包里带来了。”为此我谢谢你们。好言归正传。早餐的我已宣布过日程安排,今天我们先去海老城,也就是豫园、豫园商场的所在地。
我们的车正行驶在外滩。诸位左侧就是著名的黄浦江。我们以后会到这儿来的。
为了节省时间,在没到豫园之前我先讲些中国园林和豫园的情况。
在中国,园林被分为三大类:皇家园林、私家园林和寺庙园林。豫园属于私家园林。中国园林有许多技巧,比如借景、障景等等。不过它们都由四个基本因素组成。这四个因素是水、植物、建筑和假山。大多数的私家花园是在江南,就是因为这儿多水源和适宜做假山的石。豫园是四百多年前明朝时建。园主姓潘,是个大官。他建此园是取悦于双亲,让他们安享晚年。所以豫园的”豫”字就取其豫悦之意。可惜的是他父母末能眼见豫园落成就去世了。清末,潘家衰弱,其后代变卖此园于当地行会。豫园之所以成为名胜,还另有一原因。1853年,上海爆发小刀会起义,园内一厅堂曾被用作指挥部。今天豫园是个必游之地。所以我建议到了那儿我们千万不要走散,最好大家寸步不离,好吗?
这儿是停车场。万一有人走散,请记住车号最后三个数字是121。我想最好不要发生这类事。我会举着小红旗,你们全陪张先生会殿后。大家准备好了没有?我们上路吧。下车时请注意自行车。
女士们、先生们,这座就是著名的九曲桥。为什么是九呢?因为是阳数最高的数。走在桥上,逗留时间就长。还可以从不同角度观赏风景。还有,据说鬼怪只能走直线,所以你不必为遇到鬼怪而担心。
在桥的中间,有座亭子,始建于清朝,大约在80多年前被改作一茶馆。老人们喜欢早晨来此,会会朋友,沏上一壶茶,聊聊天儿。一般他们喝的都是一种绿茶,叫做”龙井”。这个茶馆也是外国首脑常来之地。比如1986年英国女王伊丽莎白二世来上海,也亲临茶馆喝了茶。
确实,能在这儿喝上一壶也是一种享受。试想一下,在一个夏日,你来到茶馆,临窗而坐,俯视着开满荷花的绿池。迎面吹来阵阵凉风。在悠雅的江南丝竹声中,你提起紫砂壶,慢慢地呷上一口微温的”龙井”茶。你会觉得飘然若仙。
你们也想喝一壶?对不起,我还是不能让你们去。等我们看完豫园再做决定,行不行?
这儿就是豫园的入口。当你走进一个私家花园,视线总会被什么东西挡住,有时是假山,有时是这肃的照壁。这是园林一技巧,称之为障景。不让你一日了然,却让你看到一部分,然后才达到”步移景易”的效果。
这座堂叫”仰山堂”。大家知道,上海位于一冲积平原,市内无山、无林。所以此”山”就指对面那座假山。它高12米,重80吨。它过去乃至今天一直是个奇迹。因为四百多年前没有水泥和熟石膏,人们就用烹煮过的糯米,加上明矾和石灰,把石块粘起来。至今安然无恙。看见山顶的亭子吗?四百年前,这是上海城最高点。从那儿可看到黄浦江上的渔船、帆影,可这些今天只能在电影中见到了。你也仅能看见他们上移的头顶。因为盘旋的小径皆被树、石遮住。这实在是园艺大师张南阳的杰作。也被公认是本地最佳假山。
在假山之后,有座龙墙。这是本园一特色。总共有五条龙墙。这边走,我要带你们去个地方,那儿能清楚地看见另一条龙墙。
女士们、先生们,这就是我刚才说的那条龙墙。龙实际上是想像出来的动物。我们称自己为龙的传人。不知道大家是否读过赛珍珠的《龙籽》。如果看过的话,这儿很多东西令你觉得熟悉。请看这条龙,你会发觉这是个多种动物的综合体。你看它头似牛,眼似虾,角似……我看不太像牛。我们通常说角似鹿,身似蛇,鳞似鱼,爪似鸡或者鹰。请告诉我,你们看见几个趾。三个对。但一般龙应有五趾。为什么是三个呢?其中有一故事。以前,只有皇帝和皇室人员才配有龙的图案。园主潘允端用了龙做墙,他有野心。不知怎么,皇帝得知此事,便派人来调查。潘允端得悉后,立即令人敲下两个趾。当朝延官吏一到,园主说:”瞧,这本不是龙,只有三趾。”真是个聪明人,不然他性命难保。
你们说想拍一集体照。我看以龙墙为背景,这可是最佳的地方,我来替你们拍,别忘了说”Cheese”。
这儿我们可看见三块石头。中间那块称作”玉玲珑”。这并非是玉,但是挺有名,叫太湖石,外型是由水侵蚀而成。这原来是给宋微宗的贡品。宋微宗广收奇花异石,称”花石纲”。可怎么会到这儿来的呢?原来,在运往当时京都遗失了。多年之后,又成了地地方官绅的玩物。后来他把该石送给潘允端做嫁妆,因为潘的兄弟娶了他女儿。玉玲珑因有”瘦、透、皱、漏”等特点而著称。假如你自上而下倒水。它72孔孔孔犹如小瀑布;如你在下方燃香,它72孔孔孔烟香缥缈,非常美丽。园主以前常凝视此石多时,留连忘返。这也是园林功效之一,一个景物使你沉思,结果达到情晚合一的境界。
豫园之游就到此结束,希望胸们喜欢它。最后,大家必须做出选择:是喝茶还是购物。我看,还是举手表决。有多少人想品茶?哈,全都想去?!什么?我愿不愿去?说实话,这正合我意。那么我们还等什么呢?大家走吧!
豫园,历来被称为城市山林,它诞生于四个半世纪之前的明代中叶,说它是城市山林,因为它坐落在繁华喧嚣的上海城市中心,清代江苏巡抚陶澎在道光六年(1820xx年)就为它题匾“城市山林”。豫园位于上海市中心城区黄浦区的上海老城厢东北部,北靠福佑路,东临安仁街,西南与豫园旅游商城、上海老城隍庙相连,占地面积2万余平方米(约30亩地),门牌号码编在安仁街218号。豫园名列现存的上海五大古典园林之首,其余是嘉定秋霞圃、嘉定古猗园、松江醉白池、青浦曲水园。豫园是上海市中心城区唯一的古典园林,也是上海市唯一被公布为全国重点文物保护单位的中国古典园林。1959年被公布为上海市文物保护单位,1982年被国务院公布为全国重点文物保护单位。中国古典园林是中华民族优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,豫园是上海地区最有代表性的中国古典园林,可谓上海名园之冠。
明代私家园林
明清两代,江南经济繁荣、物产富庶,官宦豪富、文人雅士纷纷营造私人园林,一时江南建私家园林之风盛行,各城市名园荟集,中国江南私家园林的精品亦大多集中于这个时期。著名的有苏州的拙政园、留园、网师园;无锡的寄畅园;扬州的个园、何园;上海的豫园;杭州的郭庄、刘庄、蒋庄等,为此赢得“江南园林甲天下”、“上有天堂、下有苏杭”的胜誉。
豫园所处的上海老城厢,是当时的上海县县治所在地。明嘉靖三十二年(1553年)四月,倭寇自海上屡屡来犯上海,两个多月内五次焚烧掳掠,知县仓惶逃遁,镇海卫指挥、县丞、镇抚皆被杀害,县衙遭焚,闾里成墟,死者盈路,惨不忍睹。于是邑人上书:“贼自海入,乘潮劫掠,如取囊中物,皆由无城之故。”决意筑城御倭,官府采纳,全城上下出钱出力,不到两个月便筑城完竣,当时便有潘恩撰写《筑城记》。此后,军民固守城池,倭寇侵犯终不得逞。正因此,日后潘恩家才能太太平平地在城内建园。这座高二丈四尺,城围九里的明城墙在老城厢矗立了三百六十年,直到民国元年(1920xx年)拆除,留下城西北大境关帝庙一小段(今人民路大境路口),至今犹存,1959年与豫园同时被公布为上海市文物保护单位。
潘恩,字子仁,是当时赫赫有名的上海人,《明史》有其列传,死后赠太子少保,谥“恭定”。潘恩嘉靖二年(1920xx年)进士,官至刑部侍郎、刑部尚书、都察院左都御史,为官廉能正直,惩恶扬善,深得民心。他家中堂上对联“履富履贵履盛满,如履春冰;保身保家保令名,如保赤子”,则是他一生兢兢业业、洁身自好的写照。潘恩的家族是当时上海城里的名门望族,在老城厢梧桐巷、安仁里(现梧桐路、安仁街)一带居住,现梧桐路的明代建筑世春堂(今福佑路第一小学分部)是潘家仅存的旧居。
在上海县修筑城墙六年后的嘉靖三十八年(1559年),潘恩的次子潘允端科场失意落榜归来,在自家住宅西面数畦蔬圃之上,聚石凿池,构亭艺竹,营造小园,聊以自娱,这便是豫园的始建。三年后,潘允端终于金榜题名,中了进士,自此沉浮宦海十多年,无暇顾及建园。日后,在他自己写的《豫园记》中说:“垂二十年,屡作屡止,未有成绩。”万历五年(1577年),他从四川布政使任上辞归,这才一心一意营造园林,请园艺名家、堆叠假山高手张南阳为其设计营建,不断充拓扩大,逐步增添景物,积十余年之功,把余生的精力和财力耗费在修建园林上。正如他在《豫园记》中所说:“每发耕获,尽为营治之资”,“第经营数稔,家业为虚,余虽嗜好成癖,无所于悔”万历十八年(1590年),终于建成一座规模恢宏、景色旖旎、盛名一时的私家园林,当时即被公认为“东南名园冠”、“奇秀甲于东南”,为后人留下一份弥可珍贵的文化遗产。
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